Introduction
Vati Kalpana is an Ayurvedic medicinal dosage type wherein finely powdered medicinal substances are processed with an appropriate liquid medium (bhavana dravya) or binding brokers after which molded into small, strong items of a particular measurement and weight.
The phrase ‘Vati’ means ‘little spherical ball’. ‘Kalpana’ means formulation. Vati Kalpana is taken into account because the upa-kalapana (Secondary dosage varieties) of Kalka Kalpana or paste formulation, which is among the Pancha vidha kashaya kalpanas.
Significance of Vati amongst Ayurvedic dosage varieties
Vati Kalpana is among the most popularly prescribed dosage varieties in Ayurveda attributable to –
- Straightforward administration with none preparation not like decoction and so forth.
- Consistency in dosing and decreasing the potential of dosage errors
- Palatability, making them extra acceptable to sufferers.
- Longer shelf life and so forth.
Synonyms of Vati
वटकाश्चाथ कथ्यन्ते तन्नाम गुटिका वटी |
मोदको वटिका पिण्डी गुडो वर्त्तिस्तथोच्यते || (Sharngadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda, 7/1)
Vataka, Gutika, Vati, Modaka, Vatika, Pindi, guda, Varti are the synonyms of Vati.
Historical past of Vati Kalpana
Vati Kalpana is among the oldest Ayurvedic dosage varieties, with references courting again to the Vedic interval. The Rigveda mentions pill-like preparations underneath the time period ‘Mani’, whereas varieties akin to Pindi, Modaka, Vataka, and Varti are additionally described in Vedic literature. Vati Kalpana developed from Kalka Kalpana, whereby medicinal paste is formed into strong items for administration. Acharya Vagbhata described the preparation of dosage varieties akin to Vati, Gutika, and Varti from Kalka. In Sharangadhara Samhita, synonyms of Vati embody Gutika, Vatika, Pindi, Modaka, Guda, and Varti, highlighting its long-standing significance in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics.
Classification of Vati Kalpana
Whereas describing the idea of Vati Kalpana, Acharya Sharngadhara mentions two forms of Vatis,
- Vahni Sadhya Vati
- Avahni Sadhya vati
- Vahnisadhya Vati
लेहवत्साध्यते वह्नौ गुडो वा शर्करा तथा |
गुग्गुलुर्वा क्षिपेत्तत्र चूर्णं तन्निर्मिता वटी || (Sha.Ma.Kh.7/2)
Vati ready with the assistance of Vahni or hearth is known as Vahnisadhya Vati or Agnisiddha Vati. On this technique sugar, jaggery, guggulu and so forth. binding brokers are boiled with water till they attain a consistency like lehyam after which powders of different substances are added to make a paste for getting ready Vati.
Eg: Yogaraja Guggulu, Kaishora Guggulu, Sudarshana Ghanavti and so forth.
- Avahni Sadhya vati
कुर्यादवह्निसिद्धेन क्वचिद् गुग्गुलुना वटीम् |
द्र वेण मधुना वाऽपि गुटिकां कारयेद् बुधः || (Sha.Ma.Kh.7/3)
Vati ready with out the assistance of Vahni or hearth is known as Avahnisadhya Vati or Niragnisiddha Vati. On this technique, binding is achieved utilizing available liquid media akin to honey, recent natural juices (Svarasa), or water, slightly than conventional binding brokers like sugar, jaggery, or guggulu.
Eg; Eladi Vati, Lavangadi Vati, Sanivani Vati and so forth.
Basic Elements Utilized in Vati Preparation
- Completely different components of herbs
- Purified Mineral Substances
- Metallic preparations akin to Bhasma
- Animal-derived substances
- Binding brokers like guggulu, jaggery, sugar, honey and so forth.
- Bhavana Dravya (Brokers used for trituration of primary substances to boost the therapeutic properties)
Proportion of Binding Brokers
सिता चतुर्गुणा देया वटीषु द्विगुणो गुडः |
चूर्णाच्चूर्णसमः कार्यो गुग्गुलुर्मधु तत्समम् |
द्रवं च द्विगुणं देयं मोदकेषु भिषग्वरैः || (Sha.Ma.Kh.7/4)
Proportion of various binding brokers in relation to different substances –
Sita (Sugar) – 4 occasions
Guda (Jaggery) – 2 occasions
Guggulu – Equal
Madhu (Honey) – Equal
Drava (Any Liquid) – 2 occasions
Basic Steps in Vati Preparation
- Assortment and purification of substances
- Preparation of high quality powder (Churna) of the substances
- Preparation of a binding medium (with or with out warmth)
- Mixing and trituration (Mardana/Bhavana) to acquire a uniform mass
- Rolling and shaping into drugs of specified measurement
- Drying underneath appropriate circumstances
- Packaging and storage in hermetic containers
Basic Technique of Preparation of Vati
For the Vati preparation substances are required in finer type. If natural substances – meaning plant origin substances are used, then needs to be transformed into high quality powder after correct drying. If mineral substances are used – they need to be transformed into Bhasma or Sindhoora type. And particularly, if parada (mercury) and gandhaka (sulphur) are talked about, they need to be triturated collectively to acquire a combination known as ‘Kajjali’.
The high quality powders of substances are then blended with an appropriate binding medium to acquire a homogeneous mass. Relying on the character of the formulation, the binding agent could also be ready both with warmth (Sagni technique) or with out warmth (Niragni technique). Within the Sagni technique, substances akin to jaggery, sugar, or guggulu are heated to realize the specified consistency earlier than incorporating the powdered medicine. Within the Niragni technique, liquid media akin to honey, natural juices (Svarasa), decoctions (Kwatha), or water are instantly triturated with the powders with out the applying of warmth. The ensuing mass is totally triturated (Mardana/Bhavana) till it turns into easy and pliable, after which it’s rolled into drugs of the specified measurement and form. The ready Vatis are then dried, often in shade, and saved in hermetic containers to protect their high quality and therapeutic efficacy.
Dosage
कर्षप्रमाणा तन्मात्रा बलं दृष्ट्वा प्रयुज्यताम् | (Sh.Ma.Kh. 7/5)
Based on Acharya Sharangadhara, the dosage of Vati needs to be decided after contemplating the Bala (energy) of the affected person. He recommends one Karsha as the usual dose of Vati. Nonetheless, earlier than administering any Vati Kalpana, elements such because the affected person’s age, digestive capability (Agni), bodily energy, physique weight, and the severity and chronicity of the illness needs to be fastidiously thought of.
Shelf lifetime of Vati
Based on Sharngadhara shelf lifetime of Vati Kalpana is one yr.
Nonetheless, based on Rule 161B of the Medication and Cosmetics Act, the shelf lifetime of Vati Kalpana is 2 years, supplied it’s saved in a moisture-free setting.
Anupana and Administration
Numerous substances are prescribed as Anupana for Vati preparations, together with water (Jala), heat water (Ushnodaka), milk (Ksheera), ghee (Ghrita), honey (Madhu), buttermilk (Takra), decoctions (Kwatha), and recent natural juices (Svarasa). The identical Vati could produce totally different therapeutic results when administered with totally different Anupanas. For instance, digestive and carminative Vatis are generally administered with heat water, whereas rejuvenative (Rasayana) formulations could also be given with milk or ghee. Equally, formulations supposed for respiratory problems are sometimes prescribed with honey.
Benefits of Vati Kalpana
Vati Kalpana is among the most popularly prescribed dosage varieties in Ayurveda as a result of it combines therapeutic efficacy with comfort, stability, and affected person acceptability. Listed below are some great benefits of Vati Kalpana over different dosage varieties:
Ease of Administration
Vatis are straightforward to devour and don’t require preparation earlier than use, not like decoctions (Kwatha) which want boiling and filtration.
Exact Dosage
Every Vati is designed with normal, particular portions of medication, making certain consistency in dosing and decreasing the potential of dosage errors.
Palatability
Many Ayurvedic medicines have a bitter or disagreeable style. So, when Vatis are made, they masks these sensory traits, making them extra acceptable to sufferers.
Prolonged Shelf Life
As Vatis comprise low moisture content material, they typically possess larger stability and an extended shelf life in comparison with liquid formulations akin to Kashayas.
Comfort in Storage and Transportation
Vatis are compact, light-weight, and fewer vulnerable to spillage or contamination. They are often conveniently saved, packaged, and carried throughout journey.
Suitability for various kinds of Elements
Vati Kalpana is a perfect technique for formulating totally different kinds of substances. It might probably accommodate all kinds of substances, together with natural powders, purified minerals, metallic preparations, and resins akin to Guggulu, making it a flexible dosage type.
Financial Feasibility of Preparation
In contrast with another dosage varieties, Vati preparations are comparatively economical to fabricate, package deal, and distribute on each small and enormous scales.
